Mineral Resources Authority (MRA)

The Mineral Resources Authority (MRA) is Papua New Guinea’s statutory authority responsible for the regulation and management of the country’s mineral resources. Established under the Mineral Resources Authority Act 2018, MRA administers the mining tenement system, monitors compliance by licence holders, and advises the government on mineral resource policy.

Statutory Role

MRA operates as the technical and regulatory arm of the mining sector in PNG. Its functions include:

• Administration of the mining tenement system under the Mining Act 1992
• Assessment of licence applications and recommendation to the Minister
• Monitoring of mining operations for compliance with licence conditions
• Collection and management of geological data
• Advisory services to the Minister for Mining on resource policy matters

MRA works alongside other government agencies including the Conservation and Environment Protection Authority (CEPA) on environmental matters and the Internal Revenue Commission on resource taxation.

Exploration and Mining Tenement Process

The Mining Act 1992 establishes a structured tenement system that governs access to PNG’s mineral resources:

• Exploration Licence (EL) — grants the right to explore for minerals within a defined area, subject to work programme commitments and reporting obligations
• Mining Lease (ML) — authorises mining operations and is granted following a successful exploration programme and completion of the required development approvals
• Alluvial Mining Lease (AML) — applies to alluvial mining operations, typically at a smaller scale
• Lease for Mining Purposes (LMP) — covers ancillary activities associated with a mining operation, such as processing facilities or infrastructure corridors

Tenement applications are lodged with MRA and assessed against geological, technical, financial, and environmental criteria. The grant of tenements is a ministerial decision made on MRA’s recommendation.

Compliance and Reporting

Holders of exploration licences and mining leases are subject to ongoing compliance obligations, including submission of annual technical reports, adherence to approved work programmes, payment of prescribed fees and rents, and maintenance of environmental management plans. MRA conducts compliance inspections and has the authority to recommend suspension or cancellation of tenements for non-compliance.

Environmental Obligations

Mining in Papua New Guinea is subject to environmental regulatory requirements administered by CEPA under the Environment Act 2000. An Environment Permit is a prerequisite for mining lease grant. Environmental impact assessment, monitoring, and reporting are integral components of the mining regulatory framework. MRA coordinates with CEPA to ensure mining operations comply with environmental conditions.

Investors interested in PNG’s mineral sector can review available opportunities in the Investment Pipeline, explore Sector Regulations for additional regulatory context, or contact InvestPNG to discuss entry pathways and tenement availability.